Glaucoma, often referred to as the "silent thief of sight," is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. It develops gradually and typically shows no symptoms until significant damage to the optic nerve has already occurred. While there is no definitive way to prevent glaucoma, early detection and proactive management can significantly reduce the risk of vision loss.

Renowned ophthalmologist and glaucoma specialist, Mr. Vik Sharma, shares his expert insights on how to protect your eyes and minimise the risks associated with glaucoma.

Understanding glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor, although this condition can also occur in individuals with normal eye pressure.

The most common type, primary open-angle glaucoma, progresses slowly and silently, making regular eye check-ups crucial. Other types, such as angle-closure glaucoma, can occur suddenly and require emergency medical attention.

Since this condition causes damage that is irreversible, prevention focuses on early detection, monitoring, and timely treatment.

Can glaucoma be prevented?

Although this condition cannot be completely prevented, several proactive measures can help reduce your risk and preserve your vision. Here are some practical tips recommended by Mr. Vik Sharma:

Book regular eye exams

The most effective way to prevent vision loss from this condition is through early detection. Regular comprehensive eye exams can detect glaucoma in its early stages, even before symptoms appear.

• Frequency: Adults over 40, especially those with risk factors, should have an eye exam every 1-2 years. Individuals over 60 should undergo annual screenings.
• Key tests: Eye pressure measurements, optic nerve evaluations, and visual field tests are essential for diagnosing glaucoma.

Know your risk factors

Certain individuals are at a higher risk for glaucoma, including:

• Those with a family history of the condition.
• People over the age of 60.
• Individuals of African, Asian, or Hispanic descent.
• Those with medical conditions like diabetes or hypertension.

Understanding your personal risk profile can help you stay vigilant and prioritise regular check-ups.

Maintain a healthy lifestyle

A balanced lifestyle can promote eye health and reduce glaucoma risk:

• Exercise regularly: Moderate exercise can help lower intraocular pressure, which may reduce the risk of optic nerve damage.
• Eat a healthy diet: Incorporate eye-friendly nutrients like leafy greens, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants into your meals.
• Avoid smoking: Smoking increases oxidative stress, which can harm the optic nerve.

Protect your eyes

Eye injuries can increase the risk of developing secondary glaucoma. Always wear protective eyewear when engaging in activities that could lead to eye trauma, such as sports or home improvement projects.

Take medications as prescribed

If you’ve been diagnosed with glaucoma or elevated eye pressure, adhering to prescribed treatments is vital. Use eye drops or medications exactly as directed by your ophthalmologist to keep your condition under control.

The importance of early detection

Mr. Vik Sharma emphasises that the irreversible nature of glaucoma makes early detection paramount. When diagnosed early, treatments like medicated eye drops, laser therapy, or surgery can slow or halt the progression of the disease, preserving vision for years to come.

“Glaucoma is not something you can ‘feel’ until it’s too late,” explains Mr. Sharma. “That’s why proactive care and routine check-ups are the cornerstone of prevention.”

Conclusion

While glaucoma cannot be fully prevented, there are effective ways to reduce your risk and protect your vision. Regular eye exams, awareness of risk factors, a healthy lifestyle, and adherence to prescribed treatments can all contribute to preserving your sight.

Take charge of your eye health today. Schedule a comprehensive eye exam and stay proactive about your vision care. As Mr. Vik Sharma advises, “Your eyes are precious, don’t wait for symptoms to act. Prevention and early detection are your best defences against glaucoma.”

Book in for your consultation here with Mr Vik Sharma, Consultant Ophthalmologist at LondonOC.